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Deploying Traefik in a Docker Swarm Cluster

Prerequisites

Before deploying Traefik, ensure you have the following:

  • A functioning Docker Swarm cluster.
  • Docker Compose installed for stack configuration.
  • Basic understanding of Docker Swarm and networking.

Traefik Stack Deployment

Deploying Traefik as a stack in your Docker Swarm cluster involves creating a Docker Compose file and deploying it using Docker Swarm.

steps

  1. create an external attachable network in swarm
  2. create constrains on node so the container will always be deployed on the manager node
  3. create the NAT rules
  4. create the firewall rules
  5. deploy this stack
docker run -d -p 443:8080 -p 80:80 \
    -v $PWD/traefik.yml:/etc/traefik/traefik.yml traefik

Traefik Stack Diagram

traefikv3 diagram

Docker Compose File

Define the Traefik service with necessary configurations.

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version: '3.4'
services:
  traefik:
    image: traefik:v3.3.4
    command:
     - --providers.docker
     - --providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false
     # - --providers.docker.swarmmode
     # - --providers.swarm.endpoint=tcp://127.0.0.1:3377
     # - --providers.swarm.endpoint=tcp://10.0.0.81:2377
     - --providers.swarm.endpoint=unix:///var/run/docker.sock
     - --providers.swarm.exposedByDefault=false
     # - --providers.swarm.endpoint=tcp://172.17.0.1:2377
     # - --providers.swarm.endpoint=tcp://10.10.10.81:2377
     - --providers.swarm.network=traefik-public
     - --entrypoints.http.address=:80
     - --entrypoints.https.address=:443
     - --entrypoints.rdp.address=:3389
     - --entrypoints.teleport3025.address=:3025
     - --entryPoints.http.forwardedHeaders.insecure=true
     - --entryPoints.https.forwardedHeaders.insecure=true
     - --entryPoints.rdp.forwardedHeaders.insecure=true
     - --certificatesresolvers.le.acme.email=karam.ajaj@hotmail.com
     - --certificatesresolvers.le.acme.storage=/certificates/acme.json
     - --certificatesresolvers.le.acme.tlschallenge=true
     - --serverstransport.insecureskipverify=true
     - --providers.docker.allowEmptyServices=true
     #- --accesslog
     # enable access log 
     - --accesslog=true
     - --accesslog.addinternals
     - --log
     - --api
     - --providers.file.directory=/dynamic-config
     - --providers.file.watch=true
     # enable influxdb metrics
     # - --metrics.influxdb2=true
     # - --metrics.influxdb2.address=http://influxdb_influxdb:8086
     # - --metrics.influxdb2.token=tyTQyZI6fiFjgl2Yg008HheRWqu163HNZCfHN93cdll0ke8sN4p7z1d1y9sS2hGwlPqbW5oMW3mnmAAwG3r7SQ==
     # - --metrics.influxdb2.org=karam-lab
     # - --metrics.influxdb2.bucket=traefik_metrics
     # - --metrics.influxdb2.addEntryPointsLabels=true
     # - --metrics.influxdb2.addrouterslabels=true
     # - --metrics.influxdb2.addServicesLabels=true
    #  # enable opentelemetry metrics
    #  - --metrics.otlp=true
    #  - --metrics.otlp.addEntryPointsLabels=true
    #  - --metrics.otlp.addRoutersLabels=true
    #  - --metrics.otlp.addServicesLabels=true
    #  - --metrics.otlp.http=true
    #  - --metrics.otlp.http.endpoint=http://10.10.10.200:4318/v1/metrics
    #  - --metrics.otlp.grpc=true
    #  - --metrics.otlp.grpc.endpoint=10.10.10.200:4317
     ## sablier plgin
     - --experimental.plugins.sablier.modulename=github.com/sablierapp/sablier
     - --experimental.plugins.sablier.version=v1.8.1
     ## staticresponse plugin
     - --experimental.plugins.staticresponse.modulename=github.com/jdel/staticresponse
     - --experimental.plugins.staticresponse.version=v0.0.1
    #  ## enable OpenTelemetry 
    #  - --tracing.otlp=true
    #  - --tracing.otlp.http=true
    #  - --tracing.otlp.http.endpoint=http://10.10.10.200:4318/v1/traces
    #  - --tracing.otlp.http.tls.insecureSkipVerify=true
    #  - --tracing.otlp.grpc=true
    #  - --tracing.otlp.grpc.endpoint=10.10.10.200:4317
    #  - --tracing.otlp.grpc.insecure=true
    #  ## enable tracing
    #  - --tracing=true
    #  # - --tracing.addinternals
    #  - --tracing.serviceName=traefik_traefikv3
    #  - --tracing.sampleRate=0.1
    #  # - --tracing.globalAttributes.attr1=foo
    #  # - --tracing.globalAttributes.attr2=bar
    #  # - --tracing.capturedRequestHeaders[0]=X-CustomHeader
    #  # - --tracing.capturedResponseHeaders[0]=X-CustomHeader
     ## add kubernetes provider on pxvm01
    #  - --providers.kubernetesingress=true
    #  - --providers.kubernetesingress.endpoint=http://10.10.10.101:8080
    #  - --providers.kubernetesingress.token=my-token
    ## add fastProxy experemental on version v3.2.0
     - --experimental.fastProxy
    environment:
      PGID: '911'
      PUID: '911'
      TZ: Europe/Amsterdam
    ports:
     - 80:80
     - 443:443
     - 3025:3025
     - 3389:3389
     # - 4317:4317
     # - target: 2377
     #   published: 3377
     #   protocol: tcp
     #   mode: host
    volumes:
     - /swarm/config/traefikv3/certificates:/certificates
     - /swarm/config/traefikv3/dynamic-config:/dynamic-config
     - /swarm/config/traefikv3/static-config:/static-config
     - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro
    # extra_hosts:
    #  - host.docker.internal:172.17.0.1
    networks:
     # - host
     - traefik-public
    #  - signoz1_default
    logging:
      driver: json-file
    deploy:
      labels:
        traefik.http.middlewares.https-redirect.redirectscheme.scheme: https
        traefik.http.middlewares.admin-auth.basicauth.users: admin:.
        traefik.http.routers.traefik-public-https.rule: Host(`traefikv3.vnerd.nl`)
        traefik.http.routers.traefik-public-https.tls: 'true'
        traefik.http.services.traefik-public.loadbalancer.server.port: '8080'
        traefik.http.routers.traefik-public-https.service: api@internal
        traefik.http.routers.traefik-public-http.middlewares: https-redirect
        traefik.http.routers.traefik-public-http.entrypoints: http
        traefik.http.routers.traefik-public-https.entrypoints: https
        traefik.http.middlewares.https-redirect.redirectscheme.permanent: 'true'
        traefik.constraint-label: traefik-public
        traefik.http.routers.traefik-public-http.rule: Host(`traefikv3.vnerd.nl`)
        traefik.http.routers.traefik-public-https.middlewares: authelia@swarm
        traefik.docker.network: traefik-public
        traefik.enable: 'true'
        traefik.http.routers.traefik-public-https.tls.certresolver: le
        ## tracing
        # traefik.http.routers.trace-https.tls: 'true'
        # traefik.http.routers.trace-https.tls.certresolver: le
        # traefik.http.routers.trace-http.entrypoints: http
        # traefik.http.services.trace.loadbalancer.server.port: '4318'
        # traefik.http.routers.trace-https.entrypoints: https
        # traefik.http.routers.trace-https.rule: Host(`trace.vnerd.nl`)
        # traefik.constraint-label: traefik-public
        # traefik.docker.network: traefik-public
        # traefik.enable: 'true'
        # traefik.http.routers.trace-http.middlewares: https-redirect
        # traefik.http.routers.trace-http.rule: Host(`trace.vnerd.nl`)
        # traefik.docker.lbswarm: 'true'
      #update_config:
        #order: start-first
      placement:
        constraints:
         - node.role==manager
         - node.labels.worker==enabled
#         - node.hostname==px01
  # opentelemetry:
  #   image: otel/opentelemetry-collector:latest
  #   environment:
  #     PGID: '911'
  #     PUID: '911'
  #     TZ: Europe/Amsterdam
  #   ports:
  #    - 4317:4317
  #    - 55679:55679
  #   networks:
  #    - traefik-public
  #   logging:
  #     driver: json-file
  #   deploy:
  #     placement:
  #       constraints:
  #        - node.role==manager
  #        - node.labels.worker==enabled
  #        - node.hostname==pxsw01.karam.lab
networks:
  traefik-public:
    external: true
  # signoz1_default:
  #   external: true
  # host:
  #   external: true
  #     # name: "host"

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